Abstract Objective: Cancer illness is a stressful event that affects children’s quality of life. This study verified the association between coping and quality of life in 13 children with cancer (6 to 12 years old) from a public hospital in the Southeastern region of the country. Methods: The participants answered the Hospitalization Coping Scale and Pediatric Quality of Life 3.0 (Cancer Module). Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were applied. A high average of adaptive coping and coping behaviors, such as talking, playing, and taking medicine, were observed. Results: The results suggest a potential positive correlation between quality of life related to the domain nausea, which also showed high scores, and adaptive coping, demonstrating children’s difficulty in dealing with nausea, even after using adaptive coping strategies, and this domain was significant in reducing the quality of life perceived. Conclusion: Understanding coping and qualitywww of life may steer intervention in Pediatric Oncology.

Resumo Objetivo: O adoecimento por câncer é um evento estressor que afeta a qualidade de vida das crianças. Este estudo verificou associações entre coping e qualidade de vida em 13 crianças com câncer (6 a 12 anos), atendidas em um hospital público da região sudeste do país. Método: Os participantes responderam a Escala de Coping da Hospitalização e Pediatric Quality of Life 3.0 (Cancer Module). Análises estatísticas descritivas e inferenciais foram aplicadas. Médias elevadas de coping adaptativo e de comportamentos de coping, como conversar, brincar e tomar remédio, foram verificadas. Resultados: Os resultados sugerem uma possível correlação positiva entre qualidade de vida relacionada ao domínio “enjoo”, que também apresentou escores altos, e coping adaptativo, demonstrando a dificuldade das crianças para lidarem com náuseas, mesmo usando estratégias de coping adaptativo, sendo esse domínio significativo na diminuição da qualidade de vida percebida. Conclusão: Foi concluído que a compreensão do coping e da qualidade de vida pode direcionar a assistência psicológica em Oncologia Pediátrica.

Abstract Assuming that the translation is a composite phenomenon that goes beyond the translator’s work, although essential, and currently convenes what I propose to call a “collective poetic of resilience”, I stress the importance of cultural planning of translations from the selection made by the catalogues of independent publishers, working at the margins of the contingencies of large publishing groups. After the presentation of the main relationships between the Portuguese editorial universe and the exile over the last decades, I’ll analyse, in particular, writers and books related to exil in the catalogue of the Portuguese publishing house “Cavalo de Ferro”.

Resumé Partant du principe que la traduction est un phénomène composite qui dépasse le travail, pourtant fondamental, du traducteur, et qu’il convoque actuellement ce que je propose d’appeler une «poétique collective de résilience», je souligne l’importance de la planification culturelle des traductions, à partir de la sélection faite par les catalogues des éditeurs indépendants, qui travaillent en marge des contingences des grands groupes éditoriaux. Après la présentation des principaux rapports entre l’univers éditorial portugais et l’exil au cours des dernières décennies, j’analyse en particulier le cas des écrivains et des œuvres liés à l’exil du catalogue de la maison d’édition portugaise “Cavalo de Ferro”.

This work reports the application of an ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, BMImBr) in the microwave assisted extraction (MAE) of metabolites from fruits of Schinus terebinthifolius. Dried fruits were individually extracted using BMImBr:H2O 1:1, v/v (experiment 1) and pure H2O (experiment 2) by MAE (10 min at 60 ºC). After partition using EtOAc, the yield to experiment 1 was about 23% while to experiment 2 was 0.1%. The EtOAc fraction obtained from experiment 1 was purified by chromatographic methods to afford 3-oxotirucalla-7,24Z-dien-27-oic acid, 3a-hydroxytirucalla-7,24Z-dien-27-oic acid, 3a-acetoxytirucalla-7,24Z-dien-27-oic acid, gallic acid, and ethyl gallate, being the first occurrence of the third compound as natural product. Cytotoxic activity was evaluated in vitro against cancer cell lines (A2058, HeLa, SiHa, HCT, SKBR-3, U87, and B16F2Nex2), being 3a-acetoxytirucalla-7,24Z-dien-27-oic acid the more active metabolite with IC50 ranging from 10.9 ± 1.3 to 17.3 ± 1.4 µg mL-1, lower than that determined to positive control cisplatin.

FUNDAMENTO: O monitoramento periódico do tabagismo na população é de interesse para a saúde pública. OBJETIVOS: Comparar a prevalência do tabagismo e atitudes em relação ao tabagismo em uma amostra de residentes do município de São Paulo, em 1987 e em 2002. MÉTODOS: Foram realizados dois inquéritos domiciliários por amostragem probabilística em residentes do município de São Paulo, em 1987 e em 2002, respectivamente com 1.471 e 2.103 entrevistados na faixa etária de 15 a 59 anos. RESULTADOS: A prevalência de tabagismo ajustada para idade caiu de 41,8% (em 1987) para 25,5% (em 2002) no sexo masculino e, respectivamente, de 30,6% para 19,8% no sexo feminino. Houve redução do tabagismo em todos os níveis de escolaridade, diminuição da média diária de cigarros no sexo masculino (mas elevação no feminino), crescimento pela procura de cigarros com baixo teor, aumento dos que deixaram de fumar havia mais de 10 anos, crescimento dos que tentaram seriamente parar de fumar, aumento dos que cogitavam em parar totalmente e aumento do reconhecimento de que "fumar faz mal para a saúde". CONCLUSÃO: Houve mudança favorável na situação do tabagismo na cidade de São Paulo de 1987 para 2002.

BACKGROUND: Periodic monitoring of tobacco smoking in the population is of public health interest. OBJECTIVES: To compare the prevalence of smoking habits and attitudes toward tobacco smoking from a sample of residents of the City of Sao Paulo, in 1987 and 2002. METHODS: Two random sampling household surveys were carried out among residents of the City of Sao Paulo, in 1987 and 2002, respectively with 1,471 and 2,103 participants aged 15-59 years RESULTS: Age-adjusted prevalence of tobacco smoking dropped from 41.8% (in 1987) to 25.5% (in 2002) among males and, respectively, from 30.6% to 19.8% among females, and such reduction was observed in all education levels. There was a decrease in the mean number of cigarettes smoked a day among men (but an increase among women), There was a growth in the preference for low tar cigarettes, an increase in those who quit smoking in the last 10 years, a growth among those who seriously tried to quit smoking, and an increase in those who believe in that "smoking is dangerous for your health". CONCLUSION: There was a favorable change in the situation of smoking habits in the City of Sao Paulo from 1987 to 2002.

Handwashing compliance was compared at two medical- surgical intensive care units (ICUs) of a teaching and a non-teaching hospital. The mean compliance was 22.2% and 42.6%, respectively. Respiratory therapists at the non-teaching hospital had the best handwashing compliance (52.6%). Nursing assistants at the teaching hospital had the worst compliance (11.5%). Nursing assistant was the only health-care worker category with a significant difference between the two ICUs (odds ratio = 6.0; 95% confidence interval = 3.83-9.43; p< 0.001).

Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are important pathogens causing nosocomial infections, and there is reason for concern about their resistance and great ability to spread in hospital environments, especially intensive-care units (ICU). To determine the prevalence of rectal colonization by VRE, and the risk factors associated with their presence, rectal surveillance swabs were taken from patients under treatment in two intensive-care units (one medical and another both medical and surgical) at São Paulo Hospital, over a two-year period. Thirty-three percent of the 147 patients evaluated had VRE. The only significant variable in the logistic regression was the length of stay in the ICU.

OBJETIVO: O enterococo resistente à vancomicina é atualmente um dos principais microorganismos implicados em infecções nosocomiais. Assim, realizou-se estudo com o objetivo de avaliar sua epidemiologia em um hospital terciário de ensino. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico retrospectivo, realizado de 2000 a 2002, que analisou amostras de culturas clínicas positivas para enterococo resistente à vancomicina (VRE) em um hospital universitário com 660 leitos. Procurou-se definir sua incidência e os principais sítios e unidades de isolamento. Foi verificada a significância entre as variáveis nos três anos de estudo, sendo considerado como significante p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Houve aumento progressivo na resistência à vancomicina nas culturas clínicas positivas para Enterococcus spp. nos três anos de estudo. Em 2000, 9,5% das amostras eram resistentes à vancomicina, com aumento para 14,7% em 2001 e 15,8% em 2002. As unidades com maior número de isolados foram respectivamente: pronto-socorro (19,5%) e UTI geral (15%); os sítios mais isolados foram: urina (36%) e sangue (20%). CONCLUSÕES: Com o aumento progressivo na incidência de resistência à vancomicina e da taxa de VRE, concluiu-se ser necessárias medidas de controle mais efetivas para deter a disseminação do VRE.

OBJECTIVE: Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) is today one of the principal microorganisms implicated in nosocomial infections. Thus, a study was carried out with the objective of evaluating its epidemiology at a tertiary-level teaching hospital. METHODS: This was a three-year retrospective epidemiological study conducted from 2000 to 2002. Samples of VRE-positive clinical cultures at a 660-bed university hospital were analyzed. The incidence of VRE and the main anatomical sites and hospital units from which it was isolated were defined. Differences between the variables over the three years of the study were verified, and these were considered significant when p<0.05. RESULTS: There was a progressive increase in the vancomycin resistance in the clinical cultures that were positive for Enterococcus spp., over the three years of the study. In 2000, 9.5% of the samples were vancomycin-resistant, and this increased to 14.7% in 2001 and 15.8% in 2002. The hospital units with the largest numbers of isolates were, respectively, the emergency ward (19.5%) and the general intensive care unit (15%). The anatomical sites with the highest amounts of isolates included: urine (36%) and blood (20%). CONCLUSIONS: With the progressive increase in the incidence of vancomycin resistance and the VRE rate, it is concluded that more effective control measures are needed for deterring the dissemination of VRE.

OBJETIVO: O enterococo resistente à vancomicina é atualmente um dos principais microorganismos implicados em infecções nosocomiais. Assim, realizou-se estudo com o objetivo de avaliar sua epidemiologia em um hospital terciário de ensino. MÉTODOS: Trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico retrospectivo, realizado de 2000 a 2002, que analisou amostras de culturas clínicas positivas para enterococo resistente à vancomicina (VRE) em um hospital universitário com 660 leitos. Procurou-se definir sua incidência e os principais sítios e unidades de isolamento. Foi verificada a significância entre as variáveis nos três anos de estudo, sendo considerado como significante p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Houve aumento progressivo na resistência à vancomicina nas culturas clínicas positivas para Enterococcus spp. nos três anos de estudo. Em 2000, 9,5% das amostras eram resistentes à vancomicina, com aumento para 14,7% em 2001 e 15,8% em 2002. As unidades com maior número de isolados foram respectivamente: pronto-socorro (19,5%) e UTI geral (15%); os sítios mais isolados foram: urina (36%) e sangue (20%). CONCLUSÕES: Com o aumento progressivo na incidência de resistência à vancomicina e da taxa de VRE, concluiu-se ser necessárias medidas de controle mais efetivas para deter a disseminação do VRE.

OBJECTIVE: Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) is today one of the principal microorganisms implicated in nosocomial infections. Thus, a study was carried out with the objective of evaluating its epidemiology at a tertiary-level teaching hospital. METHODS: This was a three-year retrospective epidemiological study conducted from 2000 to 2002. Samples of VRE-positive clinical cultures at a 660-bed university hospital were analyzed. The incidence of VRE and the main anatomical sites and hospital units from which it was isolated were defined. Differences between the variables over the three years of the study were verified, and these were considered significant when p<0.05. RESULTS: There was a progressive increase in the vancomycin resistance in the clinical cultures that were positive for Enterococcus spp., over the three years of the study. In 2000, 9.5% of the samples were vancomycin-resistant, and this increased to 14.7% in 2001 and 15.8% in 2002. The hospital units with the largest numbers of isolates were, respectively, the emergency ward (19.5%) and the general intensive care unit (15%). The anatomical sites with the highest amounts of isolates included: urine (36%) and blood (20%). CONCLUSIONS: With the progressive increase in the incidence of vancomycin resistance and the VRE rate, it is concluded that more effective control measures are needed for deterring the dissemination of VRE.

A pesquisa sobre a influência da representação social do idoso teve por objetivo analisar tal construto em grupos de idosos, institucionalizados ou não, de 60 a 90 anos, de vários níveis socioeconômicos. Três dimensões foram estudadas: a da sua influência nas modalidades de atendimento; nas atitudes dos profissionais que lidam com eles; e nos comportamentos interativos dos e com os idosos. Essa análise foi baseada nos elementos constitutivos do núcleo central desse construto que foram isolados, a fim de permitir o planejamento de uma intevenção de cunho preventivo e uma orientação mais adequada dos programas sócioeducativos.

The purpose of this study was to investigate social perception at the elder1y among groups aged 60-90, pertaining to various socioeconomics levels. Three dimensios were chose for study: types of programs offered, attitudes from the professional staft atending them and behaviors within and between the elder1y groups. Main constructs were analyzed from the responses obtained for preventive intervention and a more adequate orientation to socioeducational programs is discussed.